Tips to Searching the Google News Archive

Google News Archive offers a wealth of digitized historic newspapers online — many of them for free. The Google newspaper archive project was discontinued by Google many years ago but, although they stopped digitizing and adding new papers and removed their useful timeline and other search tools, the historical newspapers that were previously digitized remain. The downside of this is that,  due to poor digital scanning and OCR (optical character recognition), a simple search of the Google newspaper archive rarely pulls up anything but major headlines.  In addition, Google News has continued to deprecate their newspaper archive service, making it extremely difficult to search  for content prior to 1970, although they have hundreds of digitized newspaper titles  prior to this date.   You can improve your chances of finding great info in Google News Archive with a few simple search strategies. Use Google Web Search Searching within Google News (even the advanced search) no longer returns results older than 30 days, so be sure to use web search when searching for older articles. Google Web Search doesn’t support custom date ranges earlier than 1970 or content behind a paywall — but that doesnt mean you wont find content prior to 1970 by searching, you just cant restrict your searches to only that content. Check Availability First A full list of the digitized historical newspaper content is available online at the  Google News Archive. It generally pays to start here to see if your area and time period has coverage, although if youre looking for something interesting or potentially newsworthy (a railroad accident, for example) you may find it also reported in papers from outside the area. Restrict Sources While it is most common to search for individuals in a specific location, Google no longer offers the option to restrict your search to a particular newspaper title. Each newspaper does have a specific newspaper ID (found after nid in the URL when you select the title from the newspaper list), but the site search restriction does not consider this. Instead, try using a newspaper title in quotes, or  use just a single word from the title of the paper to restrict your search; thus a source restriction for Pittsburgh will turn up results from both the Pittsburgh Press and the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Date Restrict To search content older than 30 days, use the Google  advanced web search page  to restrict your search by date or date range. You can bypass the restriction on dates older than 1970 by using Googles site search feature on the news archive alone. This isnt precise, as it will include any mention of that date or year and not just papers published on the date youve selected, but it is better than nothing.   Example:  site:news.google.com/newspapers pittsburg 1898 Use Generic Terms Browse through several issues of your newspaper of interest to become familiar with the general layout of the paper and the terms used most often in your sections of interest. For example, if youre looking for an obituary, did they commonly use the term obituaries, or deaths or death notices, etc. to head that section? Sometimes section headers were too fancy to be recognized by the OCR process, so also look for words frequently found in the general text then use that search term to look for content. Consider whether your term is appropriate for the time period as well. If youre searching contemporary newspapers for information on World War One you will need to use search terms such as great war, because it wasnt called World War One until after the commencement of World War Two. Browse This Paper For best results when searching digitized historical newspaper content in Google, there really is no way around using the browse feature rather than search. All things considered, its still better than having to go down to the library to look at microfilm. Begin with the newspaper list to browse directly to a specific newspaper title in the Google News Archive. Once you select a title of interest, you can easily navigate to a specific date using the arrows or, even faster, by entering the date in the date box (this can be a year, month and year, or a specific date). When youre in the newspaper view, you can get back to the browse page by selecting the Browse this newspaper link above the digitized newspaper image. Locating a Missing Issue If Google appears to have newspapers from your month of interest but is missing a few particular issues here or there, then take time to view all pages of the available issues both before and after your target date. There are many examples of Google running together several newspaper issues and then listing them only under the date of the first or last issue, so you can be browsing an issue for Monday, but end up in the middle of the Wednesday edition by the time you browse all of the available pages. Downloading, Saving, and Printing Google News Archive does not currently offer a direct way to download, save, or print newspaper images. If you want to clip an obituary or other small notice for your personal files, the easiest way to do this is to take a screenshot. Enlarge your browser window with the relevant page/article from Google News Archive so that it fills your entire computer screen.Use the enlarge button in Google News Archive to enlarge the article you want to clip to an easy to read size that fits entirely within your browser window.Hit the Print Screen or Prnt Scrn button on your computer keyboard to capture a screenshot.Open your favorite photo editing software and look for the option to open or paste a file from your computers clipboard. This will open the screenshot taken of your computer browser window.Use the Crop tool to crop the article in which youre interested and then save it as a new file (try including the newspaper title and date in the file name).If youre running Windows Vista, 7 or 8, make it easier on yourself and use the Snipping Tool instead. If you cant find historical newspapers in Google Newspaper Archive for your area and time period of interest, then Chronicling America is another source for free, digitized historical newspapers from the United States. Several subscription websites and other resources also offer access to online historical newspapers.

The Duality of Human Nature in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and...

Stevenson uses the characters of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde to expresses his beliefs about human duality by introducing them as two contrasting characters, instead of just one character. Using two completely different characters with different names and appearances gets his message of human duality across more effectively rather than using just one character that turns a different colour when its angry, for example. We meet Mr Hyde, â€Å"a pale, dwarfish man† â€Å"of no particular age†, and we meet Dr Jekyll, a â€Å"large, well-made man of fifty† with a â€Å"large handsome face†. The way Stevenson describes them as opposites makes us think that they are infact two people, but as Stevenson builds up the clues throughout the book we realise that they are†¦show more content†¦Stevenson is trying to tell us that everybody has evil inside of them and has a curiosity about their darker side. Jekyll seems to be in control of his desires and temptations but as Hyde he can fulfil them and not feel guilty. Stevenson is stating that everybody has evil inside of the, wanting to get out and that everyone gets a thrill of letting it out sometimes. As Jekyll thinks he’s in control of Hyde, his addiction to his darker side spirals out of control and he transforms into Hyde without taking the potion. Hyde’s character is gaining strength and Jekyll is getting weaker. Jekyll gets weaker because he is getting weaker at controlling Hyde. By becoming Hyde and letting his evil side out, he has made live harder for himself because now he wont be able to get rid of Hyde as he once said he could. Hyde has now overpowered Jekyll and is in control. Everybody has good and evil inside them. The good in you should always be in control because if you let your evil side out too much it will take control of you and change you, just like Hyde changed Jekyll. Stevenson’s intention is to express that Hyde represents the dark side inside of everybody and he explains how letting your evil side out can affect your life when he tells us that â€Å" the dark influence of Hyde had been withdrawn, the doctor has returnedShow MoreRelatedJekyll And Hyde Character Analysis968 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Louis Stevenson’s novel, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, explores the duality of human nature. He writes this novel to show us that humans have split personalities, and that there are two sides to human’s personality: good and evil. In the late-Victorian literature, duality appears to be a common theme; serving as a way for modern readers to analyze late-Victorian literature and culture. Stevenson weaves throughout the novel a theme of duality + which appears in the characters ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Where Dr. Jekyll 1163 Words   |  5 Pages(Aronson 2) Being from Edinburgh, Stevenson was surrounded with t he well-known tales of the past and a history of duality in his hometown. Deacon Brodie and Dr. Knox were both from Edinburgh and both lived â€Å"double-lives†, this undoubtedly had a major impact upon Stevenson’s imagination and later his writings. (Stefan 5) â€Å"While growing up Stevenson had a friend and the son of Sir James Simpson, the developer of medical anesthesia, the two friends would â€Å"experiment† with chloroform, for the enjoymentRead MoreStevensons Representation of Good and Evil in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde1522 Words   |  7 PagesStevensons Representation of Good and Evil in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde In this piece of coursework, I am asked to first of all, discuss how the novel is mainly concerned with the struggle between good and evil. Next, I will be moving on to discovering the historical, social, and cultural issues of the novel; this will discus what Stevensons literary influences were. Subsequently, I will be exploring the actual evil character oh Mr. Edward Hyde; thisRead More The Representation of Evil in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Representation of Evil in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde This essay will show how evil is represented in Robert Louis Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is about evil and the duality of peoples personalities. To show this I will focus on Stevensons use of characterization, setting, historical, social and cultural context, settings, symbols and language. Robert Stevenson lived in the Victorian era, this was a very repressiveRead MoreDr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1348 Words   |  6 Pagesmore creative interpretation of the original text. Victor Flemming’s 1941 adaptation of Robert Louis Stevenson’s Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde brings two new female characters to the screen, adding to the duality of the story. The women, Beatrix an Ivy, are opposing figures: Beatrix being Jekyll’s pure and loyal fiancà ©e, and Ivy a strong-willed sexual icon. In this 1941 adaptation of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the characters Ivy and Beatrix are not only important allegorical catalysts, but also portray theRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1126 Words   |  5 Pages_______, â€Å"there is an almost tragic duality between outer and inner worlds, between the rush of experience and the immobility of awareness†. Robert Louis Stevenson’s 1886 novel, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, brilliantly exemplifies the philosophical phenomenon that is the duality of hu man nature through the 2 main characters that coexist interdependently together, Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde. According to Webster’s dictionary, the duplicity of human beings is based on the contradictoryRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1675 Words   |  7 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Robert Louis Stevenson’s novella, â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† is a type of Gothic literature. In the beginning of the story when Stevenson is describing the lawyer, one â€Å"Mr. Utterson,† the mood is a bit dull. At first glance the reader may think that this story would be a bit boring and drab. Stevenson’s story is far from being another dull piece of British English literature. The setting and mood of this novella are more complexRead MoreGrendel Essay761 Words   |  4 PagesDuality of Good and Evil Robert Louis Stevenson, a famous Scottish writer, once said, â€Å"All human beings are commingled out of good and evil.† Not one person is completely good or evil; everyone possesses both characteristics. In the literary pieces of John Gardner’s, â€Å"Grendel,† unknown author of, â€Å"Beowulf,† and Robert Louis Stevenson’s, â€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† the characters are portrayed as having both qualities of good and evil, proving there to be a duality of decency/immorality, righteousness/depravityRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1326 Words   |  6 Pagesbegan resisting this sense of order and questioning accepted roles and beliefs. Robert Louis Stevenson’s novel, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published during the late Victorian era, but he clearly brings into question the acceptance of Victorian philosophies, especially the belief that one truth exists and that we can identify good and evi l as separate entities. The names Jekyll and Hyde have become synonymous with multiple personality disorder. This novel can be examined from theRead MoreThe Literature of the Victorian Period1090 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde† by Stevenson Book Analysis â€Å"North and South† by Gaskell Book Report Example of Literature Review essay, Sample Paper Introduction The literature of the Victorian period is the synonymy of oppositions. Some of the oppositions introduced by this period are to be considered â€Å"vital† as they deal with the major human values. The list of the works known to be the best representations of the Victorian world outlook is very long; nevertheless some works are to be highlighted

View, Imagery, And Tone - 990 Words

Bram Stoker utilizes point of view, imagery, and tone to illustrate Lucy’s pre-transformative phase through a diary entry, giving further context to various symbols in Chapter 11 of Dracula. In Chapter 10, Lucy undergoes multiple blood transfusions and is given an ample supply of garlic bulbs and flowers by Van Helsing to ensure her well-being, but without much explanation on his behalf. Chapter 11 begins with Mrs. Westerna removing the garlic flowers from Lucy’s room overnight, alarming Van Helsing, and leaving Lucy in need of another blood transfusion and rest. Bram Stoker, by way of narrator Lucy Westenra, introduces a serene and healing scene by stating, â€Å"Four days and nights of peace. I am getting so strong again that I hardly know myself† (Stoker 124). By utilizing first person point of view, he allows the reader to enter the mind of the Lucy, giving way to her developments and self-reflection concerning her physical state. She describes her time of sickness as passing through â€Å"some long nightmare† and waking â€Å"to see the beautiful sunshine and feel the fresh air of the morning† (124). This appeals to the senses, creating a vivid image that readers can connect with. Lucy goes on to recount the darkness she felt during times of unease and healing. She describes her episodes of obscurity as â€Å"long spells of oblivion†, defined in The Merriam-Webster Dictionary as â€Å"the state of something that is not remembered, used, or thought about any more† (124; â€Å"Oblivion†). TheS how MoreRelatedSylvia Plath Poetry Analysis1301 Words   |  6 PagesDickenson all express their views on life and death, however, do so in varying manners. Through imagery, Wright and Plath both consider life’s beginnings, however, Wright considers it to be a beautiful gift, whereas Plath views birth as an empty burden. Subsequently, through structure Dickenson and Wright each acknowledge life, expressing how in some cases it is difficult, yet in other circumstances it is celebrated. Finally, through tone, Dickenson and Plath convey their views on death, yet differ inRead MoreAn Analysis Of Irwin Shaw s The Girls 846 Words   |  4 Pageshusband. The story goes through refined changes of tone and mood in the dialogue; the narration is done from a dramatic perspective, which creates suspense and tension. The author lets the story advance through the characters’ conversation. In addition, the writer’s voice comes in to describe the emotional states, reactions, and tone of voice of the characters as this shift during the conversations. The dialogue attains a meaningful colloquial tone, which is mirrored in the dramatic dialogue. ThisRead MoreTheme Of The Poem From The Dark Tower By Countee Cullen1147 Words   |  5 Pageswhite boy called him the n-word. This revealed the theme that words are powerful. Both of these poems had a powerful tone and used figurative language to develop their themes. Cullen’s use of figurative language gives his poems a deeper meaning and helps the reader understand his poems better by painting a picture in the readers head. â€Å"Tableau† and â€Å"Incident† both contain imagery throughout; however, â€Å"Tableau† also contains similes and metaphors. An example of a simile in â€Å"Tableau† is â€Å"The goldenRead MoreSo Enchanting, Yet so Deadly: The Sirens Essay705 Words   |  3 Pagesreader in by making them feel pity for the speaker, who turns out to be a Siren. These two pieces of literature can be compared using poetic devices like tone, point of view, and imagery. Homer and Atwood use different tones in order to portray the same group of creatures. Homer uses an alert and tense tone when mentioning the Sirens. The alert tone is first sensed when the crew begins to pass the island: â€Å"We were just offshore †¦ when the Sirens sensed at once a ship / was racing past and burst intoRead MoreComparing Emily Dickinsons We Grow Accustomed to the Dark and Robert Frosts Acquainted with the Night646 Words   |  3 Pagesthe poets use imagery of darkness. The two poems share much in common in terms of structure, theme, imagery, and motif. Both poems are five stanzas long: brief and poignant. The central concepts of being accustomed to something, and being acquainted with something convey a sense of familiarity. However, there are core differences in the ways Dickenson and Frost craft their poems. Although both Dickenson and Frost write about darkness, they do so with different points of view, imagery, and structureRead MoreAnalysis Of Tableau A nd Incident By Countee Cullen726 Words   |  3 Pageswhich share a tone of power. The racial interaction between a black and white boy in the two poems both contradict and have similarities. Developing their separate themes comes with the comparison of the two races and how they treat one another. Countee Cullen uses figurative language and tone to formulate the themes of the two works of literacy. In the poem Tableau, the writer uses figurative language such as metaphor, simile, and imagery to represent a powerful tone. In turn, the tone does impactRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain931 Words   |  4 Pagesmentality through outraged and haughty tones within the novel. The incident involving the lynch mob in chapter twenty-two demonstrates the senseless and maniacal aspect of mob mentality with an outraged tone. Outrage, the act of wanton cruelty, is exposed through three elements of tone: diction, imagery, and details. Twain’s careful choice of words embodies the tone element known as diction. Through diction, this passage is able to reveal the outraged tone that is concealed within the narrationRead MoreLegend or the Sleepy Hollow and the Masque of the Red Death757 Words   |  4 Pagesuse of tone in their works. Irving‘s use of tone in his stories are typically optimistic, yet dramatic. Poe’s uses of tone in his stories are filled with horror and are also dramatic. Poe and Irving use different techniques to develop a complex meaning in their short stories. For instance, elements such as imagery, tone, and irony are placed in these stories contribute to make these stories intense. Imagery is a way of walking a person through mental visualizations, both stories use imagery. IrvingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Box Man1242 Words   |  5 Pagesaccomplishes this by using her character the Box Man to represent the homeless people of America and to display how society sees the homeless. Barbara Ascher’s The Box Man utilizes thoughtfully chosen diction, precise negative and positive imagery, and effectively placed tone shifts to argue that the homeless, represented by the Box Man, are worthy of respect. Barbara Ascher makes the reader question stereotypes by using thoughtfully chosen diction to persuade the reader to realize the need to giveRead MoreThe Glass Castle, By Jeanette Walls754 Words   |  4 Pagesovercome the past through the use of tone, imagery, and pathos. Walls uses tone to convey her attitude and view towards a particular subject. For example, in the beginning of the book, Walls refers to when her and her family stopped in the middle of the desert and slept under the stars and says, We could live like this forever (Walls, 18). She says this to demonstrate her excitement as a child and how she loved that type of lifestyle. Through Walls joyful tone, the readers may infer that Walls

World War II And The Field Of Nursing - 984 Words

In this research I studied World War II, different aspects of it and articles from this time. We studied four different topics, one was on the sciences and in the field of nursing. This article explained the care British nurses gave to victims of typhus during this war. Humanities was another topic, and it covered the history of this war and of Adolf Hitler. Social Sciences was another topic, and what education was like for music education during the time of World War II. The last topic was business, and how weapon technology during this war were advancing. All of these sources explain World War II in different ways, and connect all of these different topics from different point of views. The first article that I am going to compare is the one in sciences, and the field of nursing. It explained the care British nurses gave to victims of typhus during World War II. This paper included material from nursing and medical journals published between 1940 and 1947. Some of the writings come from Dame Katharine Jones, who had communication with nurses on active service overseas. According to this journal there has been very little writings on nurse work during World War II. This article and how it was written focused on the wartime nursing from the care of soldiers to the needs of civilian population. It was written with information from journals and writings from nurses who were involved in healthcare during this time, but also had research along with the journal writings. ThisShow MoreRelatedThe Connection of Nursing with Feminism Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pages Throughout the years, the practice of American nursing has gone through extensive significant changes. Nursing evolved from an unrecognizable profession to a recognizable and respectable career choice for women. After World War II, nurses had to transition from working in private homes to working in public hospitals. There was a dire need for nurses in the hospitals because of the different communicable dis eases that were around. In addition, â€Å"the rise of feminism in the 1960’s influenced publicRead MoreThe Evolution Of The Field Of Nursing Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesnone as much as the nursing field. There is no question or doubt that in the next years to come that there will be additional changes and development in the field of nursing. Nursing has now evolved to become an â€Å"art and a science.† The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact on the evolution of nursing, changes over the years and the implication on today’s nursing profession. To understand nursing and where it began, it is important to mention a key pioneer in nursing by the name of FlorenceRead MoreEssay about Women and Medicine In the War1721 Words   |  7 Pagesconflict in the history of mankind – World War II. Triggered by Adolf Hitlers invasion of Poland, the war lasted for six years and resulted in more than an estimated 50 million military and civilian deaths from more than 30 different countries.1 World War II has much to teach, not only about military preparedness, global strategy, and the combined military operations in the coalition war against fascism, but also about the ways civilians became involved in the war – specifically, the impactful rolesRead MoreEssay about The Evolution of Nursing Practice938 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society, the medical field is constantly thriving with technological improvements and the growth of educated individuals that contribute to the well-being of others. Nurses make up the lar gest majority of the industry, and with that, nursing is the fastest growing occupation. Nursing is a job that allows people to not only take care of the sick but also to experience, learn, and further their interests of the human body. 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Military nursing is a career that requires much work. Although many become confused, believing that military nursing is different from regular nursing, it is not; the only difference being is that militaryRead MoreDark Age of Nursing998 Words   |  4 Pagesin the History of Nursing From Dark Ages to Renaissance (THE MIDDLE AGES)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the late middle Ages (1000-1500) -the crowding and poor sanitation in the monasteries nurses went into the community. During this era hospitals were built and the number of medical schools increases.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Between 1500 and 1860 (A.D.) -the Renaissance all affected nursing. As nursing was not valued as an intellectual endeavor it lost much of its economic support and social status. The nursing conditions wereRead MorePhysical And Occupational Therapists Help Improve Someone s Life1610 Words   |  7 Pagesteeth. Without physical or occupational therapists developing a place in the medical field, people of all ages would not be able to function properly or have assistance with simple tasks. As the medical field expands offering a wide variety of specializations for theses careers, making physical and occupational therapy a prosperous profession for the future. Physical therapy began in World War I. In World War I the General Surgeon’s office created a branch called Physical Reconstruction thatRead MoreEarly Prenatal And Birthing Care Essay1738 Words   |  7 Pagesher to create the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS). Through her work, Breckinridge was able to provide thousands of families with the healthcare that they needed, while also bringing an entirely new field of study to the United States. What led her to believe the United States needed a change? What impact did her work have on the United States, and is it still relevant today? We will be looking at the significant impact that Mary Breckinridge made to the field of nursing and to the overall healthcareRead MoreA Bachelors Degree as a Requirement of Medical Practice Essay730 Words   |  3 Pagesdegrees in nursing and to explain why that level of education is in demand in today’s health care system. Nursing is one of the few professions in which there are multiple points of entry in order to practice medicine. Furthermore, one of the biggest discrepancies is the fact that no matter the level of education a nurse may have, they are treated the same as other nurses with higher or lower degrees of education. This paper will highlight the discrepancies regarding education in the nursing profession

Teaching Methodloges Layman Manner

Question: Discuss about theTeaching Methodloges for Layman Manner. Answer: Introduction Most of the literary benchmarks and record related to the field of education classify the instructing methods as passive (non-experiential) or active (experiential). If we talk about Hawtrey (2007), then it can be stated that active teaching is related with incorporating the active, exuberant as well as learning opportunities which promote participation of students towards a particular course of study. To understand this in the most layman manner, one can understand it as a conversion process wherein the student is shifted from a role of passive listener with no inputs to an actively participating and involved respondent who has his/her own setoff thoughts and doubts. Learning tasks which involve an active student consist of transferring certain roles from the tutor to the expert and hence, make the student much more responsible and in control of proceedings and help these students in confidently deciding what they wish to learn and the manner in which they wish to learn different concepts (Adler and Milne 1997). Some of the most common examples of these active leaning students and practises are the extensive use of role plays, usage of case studies, and a number of seminar presentations. This shift of responsibilities and duties has definitely widened the horizon for students and they have benefited from this and their learning has been optimised (Smart and Csapo 2007). Citing an example of improvement in learning can be of the accounting students who have been given endless benefits with the help of case studies discussions, learning based on particular problems, their confidence levels have increase due to group discussions, self-learning as well as lifelong learning experiences have in all enriched them with lot of diverse as well good qualities and learning experiences. The results from the McCutcheon and Healy stand testimony to the aforesaid statements and the Brickner Etter (2008) provided in-class and out-of-class active. Now these in-class strategies were a mix of half filled notes provided to the students which they needed to fill during the lectures, the constant question and answer session amidst lectures kept the students agile and active, the activity of letting the students reflect upon the lectures they just received and their own inner thoughts. Few of the out-of-class activities included the process of creating summaries for articles and the review of annual reports in accounting sector. These activities have helped in garnishing the students with much more knowledge and experiences, making them much more refined than their predecessors and increase the level of engagement in the classes. Student Learning Styles For aligning the concepts of learning styles theory which wil be discussed in the current session and the teaching methodologies which have been talked about in the previous paragraphs, our research will be summarising the various learning styles into two basic fields namely the active learners and the passive learners. Munro and Leary (2011) have been successful in utilising the given framework and further discussing it in an exploratory study which has helped them in evaluating the impacts of various teaching methods on the learning styles of accountancy students and they have been effective in evaluating the various impacts and effects. There was also a viewpoint that this particular model is much more practical as the participant will b able to relate it with themselves as most of the students pursuing accountancy would be unfamiliar with the Kolbs model. Moreover, if these students would have faced the four-category model then they would have definitely found it way more complex. This is why a very basic two category model was used. The active learners are being described as participatory learners, who have the habit o researching various topics at first individually or in a group then come up with their own answers. These answers are built up from their individual experiences and then they are expected to reflect upon the viewpoints and reactions of the instructor thereto. On the other hand, the passive learners are expected to bear a liking for being instructed by someone, getting answers from their instructors, the well known and accepted expert of a given topic area, and then after going through their views reflecting upon them. While we are addressing the various interactions of various methodologies of teaching as well as the learning styles of students, it can be assumed that the extensive and active learners will definitely feel that the active models of teaching are way more beneficial to them than the passive learners who will think just the opposite. Now it is essential to understand that all the earlier discussions have helped in noting the preponderance of various converge style learners in fields such as accountancy and how they have been expressed the feeling of satisfaction when teaching. On one hand the active learners will be way more positive in studying ethical issues of accounting with the help of active teaching models; on the other hand, the passive learners will be way more positive towards the teaching methods (passive) for going through the various ethical issues in accounting.

Business Process Modelling for Finance and Human Resources

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Process Modelling for Finance and Human Resources. Answer: The functional structure. This is a system where a company groups its employees according to their functions to form various departments. In a functional structure decision making is done by upper management which ensures that the top management exercises complete control over the organization (Galliers and Leidner, 2014, p. 88). However, this structure could lead to poor communication among the departments which would mean that cooperation would be lacking between the departments and it could foster inter-departmental conflict. A functional information system is a system that is based on various business functions for instance marketing, finance, human resources, and production. Each functional area in the organization is given a suitable application. Functional information systems are preferred because they are function specific hence enhances the efficiency within departments (Jeston and Nelis, 2014, p. 44). However, functional information systems can be very costly to install in the whole organization. Enterprise resource planning systems are systems that support the entire organization needs with a single integrated system. They are efficient for the organization as it enables data sharing within the departments however it can be notoriously expensive to install. A business process is a set of activities that once completed will accomplish the organization's goals a business process comprises of the management process, operational process and supporting processes (Koschmider et al., 2011, p. 500). For instance, Samsung Company aims at increasing their sales and meeting the customer's current technological needs hence management process would involve to the approval of the developed designs in as long as they meet the standards, the operational process would be the product development and proper marketing strategies. Finally to support this goal Samsungs HR team would need to ensure they use the proper talent and create an appropriate working environment for their staff. a functional view of business means that the company s activities are organized along its functions such as production, finance or marketing while a business process view means that events are arranged in the order of their process, e.g. purchasing raw material, manufacturing, distribution then sales (Mendling et al., 2010 , p. 130). The advantage of process view or orientation is that it enhances the performance of organizations because they concentrate on the process and not a particular function, it also encourages direct interaction between departments which improves coordination and streamlines work flow. Finally, business process orientation ensures departments collaborate to achieve common goals unlike in functional view where the failure of one department could be detrimental. Silo effect refers to a situation where there is lack of information flow between groups or departments in large organizations. Sony Ltd in the 1980s was reorganized into 10 and then 25 sub-companies which over time reduced its efficiency because of the internal competition within it. Introducing ERP within the organization can help break down silos because all information and data in the organization are contained in one integrated system making it easier for departments to share and access information generated by another department (Trkman, 2010, p. 50). A company may verify the validity of an invoice through a process called a three-way match. This invoice validity verification process checks the costs used by a company in placing an order. Also, it states what did the company receive? And what the vendor billed the company? If the invoice is correct, it is approved for payment and once paid the accounts are recorded. Bill of materials refers to a catalog of components or parts that are needed to create or build a product. It is simply a document that contains build data for some sub assemblies that are components for products. For instance, a BOM can be a list of materials that a contractor requires for him to complete or construct an order concerning raw materials or parts together with their quantities and descriptions. Product routing, on the other hand, is a list that spells out the necessary steps taken during the manufacturing of a product (Trkman, P., 2010, p. 88). It simply dictates the tasks that are required for the process of manufacturing and can be assigned to more than a single product if the same process can be used to make each product. For instance, routing decides the path as well as the sequence of operations that are to be performed. The purpose of routing is establishing the optimum sequence of operations that would ensure efficiency. Made to order is a production strategy that typically allows consumers to purchase products that are customized to their specifications. The advantage of MTO is customer satisfaction. MTO can be challenging to meet some demands no matter how willing the producer is due to lack of some specific product. On the other hand made to stock refers to is a strategy where business matches its inventory to customer demand forecasts. An accurate forecast can lead efficient production however an incorrect forecast leads to losses. Globalization has created greater competition of organization on global skills, the emergence of influential consumers who are well informed, and development of new technology. Organizations have had to adopt new technology to keep up with current markets. Improved marketing strategies due to the market expansion and increased consumer awareness. Products have various data views based on the order that has been put in place to facilitate transfer to the procurement practice within the procurement processes. Internal control systems are used in the verification of the accessibility of the product as stored and recorded in the master data (O'Brien Marakas, 2006). Production processes confirm the data stored in the master data to ascertain with the vendor, and the end results see the ultimate verification of all products from different sources. In the view of the master database, its uses include: To correct the unavailable data without upsetting other queries To ensure there isnt a repetition of data in the queries The term organizational data is defined as the information determined in any business operation whereby autonomous distribution channels are used. The sales division attributes kept in the business master copy helps in the proper organization of the data inputs to give the desired outputs. The features of a master data of an object must remain constant and not altered over any given period. The master data has the ability to store information in a secured manner. Transaction data, on the other hand, refers to all the transactions that are carried out with the use of the master data. DIEN (services); services procured externally cannot be stored however a record of this material type can always contain purchasing data. FERT (production resources); finished goods produced by the company itself. Since they cannot be ordered purchasing, a material master record of this does not contain purchasing data. HALB (semi finished goods)a material master record of this type can provide both acquisition and work scheduling data. HAWA (trading goods) this master record contains purchasing and sales data.v List of References Figl, K. and Laue, R., 2011. Cognitive complexity in business process modeling. InAdvanced information systems engineering(pp. 452-466). Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E. eds., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Jeston, J. and Nelis, J., 2014.Business process management. Routledge. Koschmider, A., Hornung, T. and Oberweis, A., 2011. Recommendation-based editor for business process modeling.Data Knowledge Engineering,70(6), pp.483-503. Mendling, J., Reijers, H.A. and van der Aalst, W.M., 2010. Seven process modeling guidelines (7PMG).Information and Software Technology,52(2), pp.127-136. Stavrou, V., Kandias, M., Karoulas, G. and Gritzalis, D., 2014, September. Business Process Modeling for Insider threat monitoring and handling. InInternational Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Digital Business(pp. 119-131). Springer, Cham. Trkman, P., 2010. The critical success factors of business process management.International journal of information management,30(2), pp.125-134. O'Brien, J. A., Marakas, G. M. (2006).Management information systems. McGraw-Hill Irwin